Honoring the Kitchen Gods: A Unique and Beautiful Cultural Practice In Vietnam

Well-known for the long-lasting history and rich culture, Vietnam is the land of festivities and celebrations. December of Lunar Calendar is usually the busiest month as everybody is in a rush to prepare for some biggest festivals of the whole year. Besides Tet Festival, Tet Tao Quan ( kitchen god worship in Vietnam) is considered one of the most essential festivals in Vietnamese religious beliefs.

Kitchen Gods worshipping ritual is held on the 23rd day of the 12th lunar month, which falls on January 22nd this year 2025. It is also considered the start of the Lunar New Year (Tet) festival – the biggest and most important traditional holiday for Vietnamese.

The origin of this beautiful custom

The tradition of celebrating Tet Tao Quan comes from a popular fairy tale about “2 men and a woman”, who later would become the trio of Deities, or “Tao Quan”.
 
The story began with the couple of Trong Cao- the husband, and Thi Nhi- the wife. They had got married for such a long time but had not had any children yet, which made them very upset and quarrel with each other frequently. One day, Trong Cao was so angry at his wife that he casted her out. Thi Nhi left home, and after that married Pham Lang.
 
Táo quan kitchen god
 
As time went by, Trong Cao realized his fault, and went out to find his beloved woman. He spent every single coin on his way and unwillingly became a beggar. He met Thi Nhi by chance at her new home. Cao’s explanation touched Thi Nhi and they talked for hours about the past and their current life.
 
As Pham Lang came home, Thi Nhi thought it would be awkward if the two men saw each other so she told Trong Cao to hide inside the stack of straw in the backyard. Pham Lang burnt the straw into ashes for fertilizing the field, accidentally cremated Trong Cao. The story had a tragic ending when Thi Nhi decided to jump into the fire to die with Trong Cao, and Pham Lang also killed himself after witnessing the death of his wife. However, when their souls flied to the Heavens, Ngoc Hoang (the Jade Emperor) conferred them with the title of ‘Tao Quan”: Pham Lang would be Deity of Kitchen, Trong Cao would be the Deity of Land and House, and Thi Nhi would be the Deity of Market. Together, they take note of a family’s issues in a year and will ride carps back to the Heaven on the 23rd day of the 12th lunar month to report all the good and bad things of that family to the God of Heaven.They would come back to Earth on the New Year’s Eve, continuing their duties for the rest of the year.
 
Tao quan
 
Given this, Vietnamese people believe that the Land Genie and Kitchen Gods are decisive to the good or bad luck and blessing for their families.

Current practices of worshipping kitchen gods in Vietnam

The meaning of Tet Tao Quan is all about preparing a grand farewell for three Deities on their journey to the Heavens, and the ceremony is held at every Vietnamese household. Rituals and offerings vary according to region. Typically, apart from lamps, incense, votive papers, fresh flowers, and a five-fruit tray, there is also a tray of traditional dishes such as steamed sticky rice, chicken, pork pie, fried spring rolls, and bamboo shoot soup. However, depending on each family’s conditions, people can also prepare vegetarian dishes as offerings.On the altar also laid three votive paper caps, the yellow one in the middle for Mrs. Tao and two black ones for two Mr. Tao.
Kitchen God Vietnam
The rituals to worship Tao Quan
The offerings also include a large bowl of water with live golden carps – the “vehicle” for the gods to return to the Heaven. People often prepare two or three live carps and then release them into a river or lake after the worshipping ritual with the belief that the fish will carry the gods to the Heaven
 
Tao quan kitchen god
 
The worshipping ceremony is conventionally held at any times from the noon of the 22nd day of the 12th lunar month to the noon of the next day because people believe the gods will leave for the Heaven after midday and thus, if the ritual is conducted after that, they would be unable to receive offerings.
 
With the appropriate practice of the Kitchen Gods worship, people can help uphold and pass down traditional cultural values in the modern life.
 
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Above is our share about a beautiful custom in Vietnam – Kitchen God Worshipping. We hope you love this authentic & interesting culture in Vietnam as well. Travelling to Vietnam during Vietnamese Lunar New Year will bring you many good chances to enjoy the festive activities & explore awesome local cultures. In need of local travel support, feel free to drop us an email to [email protected] or WhatsApp us at +84.988451530 !

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Frequently Asked Questions

According to Vietnamese belief, the Kitchen Gods (comprising two male gods and one female god) reside in the kitchen of every household to observe the family’s behavior throughout the year. On the 23rd day of the 12th lunar month, they depart for Heaven to report the family’s deeds to the Jade Emperor. This custom highlights the importance of the family hearth and the desire for a prosperous, moral household.

The festival is celebrated annually on the 23rd day of the last month of the Lunar calendar, usually falling in late January or early February. This event marks the official beginning of the Tet (Lunar New Year) preparations. For travelers, this is a vibrant time to see local markets filled with ceremonial offerings and golden carp

The golden carp is considered the “heavenly vehicle” or the “horse” that the Kitchen Gods ride to reach the Heavens. After the offering ceremony at the family altar, locals head to nearby rivers, lakes, or ponds to release live carp into the water. This act symbolizes letting go of the old year’s troubles and providing the gods with the means to fulfill their divine journey.

 

A typical offering includes a set of three paper caps and robes (two for men and one for women), accompanied by paper boots and sometimes paper horses. Families also prepare a tray of traditional food, such as sticky rice, boiled chicken, and fruit. Most importantly, three live golden carp are placed in a bowl of water on the altar before being released into the wild.

 

Travelers in Hanoi during this time should visit the Old Quarter markets or the area around Hoan Kiem Lake and West Lake. You will see thousands of people gathering at the water’s edge to release carp. Observing this ritual offers a deep insight into the spiritual life of the Vietnamese people and their respect for ancestral traditions

Trinh Thanh Hue

Trinh Thanh Hue

Travel Consultant

Hi, I’m Trinh Thanh Hue, a travel consultant at Golden Holiday Travel. As a Vietnamese local with 7 years of experience in the travel industry, I’m passionate about helping travelers discover the real beauty of Vietnam through authentic experiences, practical advice, and local insights. I love exploring hidden gems, sharing meaningful travel tips, and making every journey smoother and more memorable. Whether you’re planning your Vietnam adventure or simply looking for inspiration, I’m always happy to help you create a trip that truly fits your travel style. Feel free to leave a comment below - I’d love to assist with your itinerary!

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